Apparatus for raising water



(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 1" W. GAWELLS. n l APPARATUS POR RAISINGWATER. N.-372,097. Y Patented Oct. 25, 1887.

, www Asier :mill i" Tiglv ga Alwin;

(No Model.) 2 sheets-@heet 2.

W. C. WELLS.

I APPARATUS POR RAISING WATER. y No. 372,097. Patented oct. 25, 1887.

20. J-z'rdz'nson. Q l Y.

N. FETEHS. PhlLilhugmphnr. washington, b2c4 UNITED. STATES WILLEI C.WELLS,

PATENT @einen OF. TIFFlN, OHIO.

APPARATUS Flou RAISING WATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 372,097, dated October25, 1887.

Application tiled July 26. 1886. Serial No. 209,083. (No model.)

To all vwhom, it may concern.-

Beit known that I, WILLn'r C. WELLS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Tifu, in the county of Seneca and State of Ohio, haveinvented a certain new and`useful Improvement in Apparatus for andProcess of Raising Vater, of which the following is a specification.

In boring for water it often liappeus that watervbearing strata arefound in which the pressure of the water is sufficient to carry it butpart way to the surface.

My invention consists in amethod of utilizing the pressure or head ofwater for the purpose of forcing a percentage of its own volume toagreater height than the original pressure would carry it and inautomatic apparatus therefor.

In the drawings, Figure l shows my pump sented in a drilled rock well.Fig. 2 shows the same seated in an ordinary tube-well. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal sectional view of the pump. Fig. 4 is asectional view ofthelower portion of the saine. Fig. 5 is a cross-section on the line 5 5 ofFig. 3, and Fig. 6 is a detail of the lower portion of the piston-rods.

A represents a layer of earth or rock sufficiently porous or broken tobe pervious to water.

.B represents a stratum of clay or other mal terial practicallyimpervious to water; C, a

water-bearing stratum in which the head or pressure is sufficient toforce the water part way to the surface.

D represents the outer wall of a well, and may consist of the rockthrough which the well is drilled or the tubing of a bored ordriven'well, or any casing of like nature.

E is the induction-pipe of my improved.

nect with an air-chamber, L, from whichleads the eduction-pipe M.

N N are piston-rods provided at their lower ends with a series ofsprocket-openings, a n, adapted to take over the sprockets upon asprocket wheel, O, which may be mounted upon a bar, 0, kdepending from avalve-plate, P, supported by the wall or casing H. A guide or yoke, o,serving to hold the pistonrods in engagement with the sprocket-wheels,may also be attached to the bar o.

The valve-plate P is provided with twin apertures, under which areseated twin valves p p, so connected that one must close when the otheropens. I have illustrated them as counected by a yoke, p', pivotallymounted upon the bar o. The piston-rods take through the Valvesp pandsupport valves jj,loosely connccted with perforated pistons j j',adapted to reciprocate in the cylinders J J. The pis tous jj' areconnected by piston-rods kk with perforated pistons ,k k', adapted toreciprocate in the piston-cylinders K K. These pistons are provided ontheir upper'sides with valves k2 k2. The passages from thepistoncylinders K K to the air-chamber L are closed by upwardly-openingvalvesZ Z.

The pump is seated in a drilled rock well by placing it in such aposition that the elastic packing I will be in the impervious stratumabove the water-bearing stratum. The pump Vis then screwed downwardrelativelyto the induction-pipe, thus expanding the packing I until itmakes a watertight connection with the wall of the well, thus preventingthe passage of water except through the pump. The upper ends of thelower piston-cylimlers are provided with waste-vents jz, which shouldopen into a stratum of soil or rock suiiicientlyporous or broken tocarry off the waste water. The pump would be seated in a tube-Wellin thesame manner; but the tubing should be provided with suitableperforations, d d, to allow the escape of the waste water.

In operation7 one of the valves p being open, the water pours into thecylinder above, raising the piston, and at the saine time rotating thesprocket-wheel O by means of the sprocketrack upon the piston-rod,thereby actuating the piston-rod in the opposite cylinder in a downwarddirection. As the piston j in one ICC cylinder reaches the limit of itsupward movement, the shoulder a upon the pistonrod engages with thevalvep, forcing it upon its seat, opening the opposite valve, andpermitting the water to ilow into the corresponding cylinder, therebyraising the piston in the lastmentioned cylinder and lowering that inthe first cylinder, the valve k opening to permit the passage of thewater through the pistou. As the piston in the second chamber reachesits limit of upward motion, the position of the valves p p is againreversed, permitting the How of the water into the first cylinder andforcing a portion of the water already tilting that cylinder upward intothe smaller pistoncylinder K, the remainder passing oft" through thewaste-vents. By the succeeding stroke of the pistons the other uppercylinder K is filled with water, and the next stroke forces the waterfrom the tirst filled of the two upper cylinders into the air-chamber,and the operation is automatically repeated, each stroke of the pistonsforcing the water from one of the cylinders K into the airchamber andthence into the eduction-pipe;

It will be observed that the power is used to force the water in thesame direction from which it comes instead of in the opposite direetion,as in the hydraulic ram, and that the iow is unbroken instead ofpulsational, as in thc ram.

The power which vwould tend to throw a large volumeof wateragivendistance is transmitted from the larger to the smaller volume, andthereby enabled to propel it to a proportionately greater altitude. Itwill be observed, also, that my apparatus is of such form andconstruction that it can be placed in drilled or tube wells.

I do not limit myself to the details of construction shown anddescribed, as it is obvious that these may be greatly varied by anyskilled mechanic.

I claim as my inventionl. In an automatic pump, the combination of twinseries of valved pistons reciprocating in twin series ofpistoncylinders, the upper piston and cylinder of each series being ofsmaller diameter than that below with which it is connected, anindnctionoriiice beneath the lower piston-cylinders, and valves wherebythe head of water can be alternately directed to and shut off from eachof the lower pistons, thereby causing an upward stroke of one series ofpistons and permitting a downward stroke ot' another series,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In an automatic pump, the combination of twin series of pistonsreciprocating in twin series of piston-cylinders, the upper piston andcylinder of each series being of smaller diameter than that below withwhich it is connected, an inductiouoritice beneath the lowerpiston-cylinders, valves whereby the head ot' water can be alternatelydirected to and shut oft' from each of the lower pistons,

thereby causing an upward stroke of one series of pistons and permittinga downward stroke of another series, and a waste vent or vents at ornear the point of junction between the upper cylinder and that belowwith which it is connected, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

3. In an automatic pump, the combination of twin series of pistonsreciprocatingin twin series of piston-cylinders, the upper piston andcylinder of each series being of smaller diameter than that below withwhich it is connected, an inductionoritice beneath the lowerpiston-cylinders, valves whereby the head of water can be alternatelydirected to and shut ot'f from cach of the lower pistons, therebycausing an upward stroke of one series ot' pistons and permitting adownward stroke of another series, an air chamber extending above thelower end of the eductionpipe, and egress-valves, whereby the water inthe air-chamber maybe shut off from each of the upper piston'cylindcrsduring the downward stroke of the corresponding piston, substantially asand for the purpose specified.

4. In an automatic pump, the combination of twin series ot' pistonsreciprocatingin twin series of piston-cylinders, the upper piston andcylinder of each series being of smaller diameter than that below withwhich it is connected, an induction-orifice beneath the lowerpiston-cylinders, valves whereby the head ot' water can be alternatelydirected to and shut ofi" from each of the lower pistons, therebycausing an upward stroke of one series ot' pistons and permitting adownward stroke ot" another series, an air-chamber extending above thelower end of the eduetionpipe, valves whereby the water in theairchamber may be shut ott` from each ofthe upper piston-cylindersduring the downward stroke of the corresponding piston, and wasteventsat or near the pointof junction between the upper cylinder and thecylinder below with which it is connected, substantially as and for thepurpose specitied.

5. In an automatic pump, the combination of twin series of pistonsreciprocating in twin series ofpiston-cylinders, t-he upper piston andcylinder ot' each series being ot' smaller diameter than that below withwhich itis connected, an induction-oriticc beneath the lowerpistoncylinders, valves whereby the head of water can be alternatelydirected to and shut ot'ffrom cach of the lower pistons, thereby causingan upward stroke of one series of pistons and permitting a downwardstroke of another series, and a packing adapted to connect the tubing ofthe well with the imperviousstratunl above a water-bearing stratum,substantially as and for the purpose specitied.

6. In an automatic pump, the combination of twin series of valvedpistons reciprocating in twin series of pistoncylinders, the upperpiston and cylinder of each series being of smaller diameter than thatbelow with which IOO IIO

it is connected, an induction-orifice beneath the lowerpiston-cylinders, valves whereby the head of water can be alternatelydirected to and shut oft from each of the lower pistons, thereby causingan upward stroke of one series of pistons and permitting a downwardstroke of another series, an air-chamber extending above the lower endof the educti'on-pipe, valves whereby the water in the air-chamber maybe shut ott from each of the upper pistoncylinders during the downwardstroke of the corresponding pistons, a waste vent or vents atl or nearthe point of junction of the upper cylinders with those below with whichthey are connected, and a packing adapted to conneet the tubing of thewell with the impervious stratum above the water-bearing stratum,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. In an automatic pump, the combination of twin series of valvedpistons adapted to reciprocate in twin series of piston-cylinders and tobe driven by the force of an underground head of water, the upper pistonand cylinder of each series being of smaller diameter than that belowwith which it is connected, an induction-orifice beneath the lowerpiston-cylinders, and a connection between the piston-rods of eachseries, whereby the upward movement of one series causes the downwardmovement ofthe other, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. In an automatic pump, the combination of a pair of. lowerpiston-cylinders, a pair of upper piston cylinders of smaller 'diameterwhose piston-rods are connected with and moved by the correspondinglowerpiston-rods, a connection between the piston-rods of each series,whereby the upward movement of one causes a downward movement of theother,

'and ingress-valves, whereby the head of water is alternately directedto and shut off from each ofthe lower piston cylinders, for the purposespecified.

9. In an automatic pump, the combination of a pair of lowerpiston-cylinders and a pair ot' upper piston-cylinders of smallerdiameter, the piston of each Lipper cylinder being connected with andactuated by the rod of the corresponding lower piston, sprocket-racksupon the vpiston-rods, a sprocket-wheel engaging therewith and adaptedto be actuated alternately by the piston-rods ofeach series, therebyimparting motion in an opposite direction to the piston-rods of theother series, and valves whereby the head of water is alternately di--rected to and shut ot't' from each of the lower piston-cylinders, forthe purpose specified.

10. In an automatic pump, the combination of a pair of lowerpiston-cylinders, a pair of upper piston-cylinders of smaller diameterwhose piston rods are connected with and' moved by the correspondinglower piston-rods, shoulders upon the piston-rods, ingress-valvesconnected by a hinged yoke and adapted to be alternately actuated by theshoulders upon the respective piston-rods, sprocket-racks upon thepiston-rods, and a sprocketwheel adapted to be actuated alternately bythe piston-rods of each series, thereby imparting motion in an oppositedirection to the piston-rods of the other series, for the purposespecified.

11. In an automatic pump, the combination of a pair of lowerpiston-cylinders, a pair of upper piston cylinders of smaller diameterwhose piston-.rods are connected with and moved by thecorrespondinglower piston-rods, a connection between the piston-rods ofeach series,whereby the upward movement of one series causes a downwardmovement of the other, ingress valves, whereby the head of water isalternately directed to and shut oft' from each of the lowerpiston-cylinders, and waste-vents at or near the point ofjunctionbetween the upper and lower cylinders, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

l2. In an automatic pump, the combination of a pair of lowerpiston-cylinders, a pair of upper piston cylinders of smaller diameterwhose piston-rods are connected with and moved by the correspondinglower piston-rods, a connection between the piston-rods of eachseries,whereby the upward movement of one series causes a downwardmovement of the other, ingress valves, whereby the head of water isalternately directed to and shut oft' from each of the4 lowerpiston-cylinders,wastevents at or near the point ofjnnction between ithe upper and lower cylinders, and an elastic packing adapted to pressagainst the interior wall or casing of the well between the indue'- tionvpipe and the waste-vents,isubstantially as and l'or the purposespecified.

13. In an automatic pump, the combination of a pair ot lowerpiston-cylinders, a pair of upper piston cylinders of smaller diameterwhose piston rods are connected with and moved bythe corresponding lowerpistonrods, shoulders upon the piston rods, ingress-valves connected bya hinged yoke and adapted to be alternately actuated by the shouldersupon the respective pistonrods, sprocket` racks upon the pistou-rods anda sprocketwheel adapted to be actuated alternately by each of saidpiston-rods, therebyimparting motion in an opposite direction to theother,wastevents at or near the point ofjunction between thev upper andlower cylinders, an elastic packing adapted topress against the interiorwall of the well between the induclion pipe and the waste-vents,screw-threaded couplings, whereby said packing may be eX- panded, andsprings adapted tohold the eduction-pipe against rotation in the well,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

NVILLET C. WELLS. 4Witnesses:

J. H. RIDGELY, FRANK E. WELLS.

ICO

